Cushing's syndrome and pregnancy
Synopsis
This manual describes Cushing syndrome (hypercorticism) in women of reproductive age, which commonly remains underscored by practicing physicians. The relevance of the topic is determined by the observed increase in the incidence of this pathology, the emergence of new opportunities for its timely diagnosis and choice treatment of such patients both in the nonpregnant state and during pregnancy. The clinical aspects of hypercorticism, the possibilities of diagnosing various causes of this condition, the risks for pregnancy for the mother and fetus, and the tactics of managing patients with hypercorticoidism are discussed.
The manual will be useful for obstetrician and gynecologists, therapists and other specialists who provide assistance to women of reproductive age, including the period of pregnancy.
Chapters
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Содержание
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Сокращения
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Синдром Кушинга и беременность
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Список литературы
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References
1. Ross N.S. Epidemiology of Cushing’s syndrome and subclinical disease. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1994;23:539-545.
2. Orth D.N. Cushing’s syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:791- 803.
3. Nieman L.K., Biller B.M.K., Finding J.W., et al. The diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome: en endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocr Metabol. 2008;93:1526-1540.
4. Biller B.M., Grossman A.B., Stewart P.M., et al. Treatment of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocr Metabol. 2008;93:2454-2462.
5. Мельниченко Г.А., Дедов И.И., Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., и др. Болезнь Иценко – Кушинга: клиника, диагностика, методы лечения: Федеральные клинические рекомендации. РАЭ. М., 2014.
6. Lindholm J., Juul S., Jorgensen J.O., et al. Incidence and late prognosis of Cushing’s syndrome: a population-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(1):117-123.
7. Carpenter P.C. Diagnostic evaluation of Cushing’s syndrome.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1988;17:445-451.
8. Etxabe J., Vazquez J.A. Morbidity and mortality in Cushing disease. Clin Endocrinol. 1994;40(4):479-484.
9. Nieman L.K. Epidemiology and manifestations of Cushing’s syndrome. UpToDate. 2016.
10. Lado-Abeal J., Rodriguez-Amao J., Newell-Price J.D., et al. Menstrual abnormalities in women with Cushing’s disease are correlated with hypercortisolemia rather than raised circulating androgen levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:3083-3086.
11. Nassi R., Ladu C., Vezzosi Ch., Manelli M. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:102-104.
12. Tauchmanova L., Pivonello R., Di Somma C., et al. Bone demineralization and vertebral fractures in endogenous cortisol excess. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(15):1779-1784.
13. Graversen D., Vestergaard P., Stochholm K., et al. Mortality in Cushing’s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Intern Med. 2012;23(3):278-282.
14. Dekkers O.M., Horvath-Puho E., Jorgensen J.O., et al. Multisystem morbidity and mortality in Cushing’s syndrome: a cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(6):2277-2284.
15. Ross E.L., Linch D.C. Cushing’s syndrome-killing disease.
Lancet. 1982;(2):646-648.
16. Dal Bo Zanon R., Fornasiero L., Boscaro M., et al. Increased factor VIII associated activities in Cushing’s syndrome. Thromb Haemost. 1982;47:116-117.
17. Boscaro M., Sonino N., Scarda A., et al. Anticoagulant prophylaxis markedly reduces thromboembolic complications in Cushing’s syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(8):3662-3666.
18. LaBrocca A., Terzolo M., Pia A., et al. Recurrent thromboembolism as a hallmark of Cushing’s syndrome. J Endocrin Invest. 1997;20:211-214.
19. Soffer L.J., Iannaccone A., Gabrilove J.L. Cushing’s syndrome: a study of fifty patients. Am J Med. 1961;30:129-132.
20. Tiemensma J., Kokshoom N.E., Biermasz N.R., et al. Subtle cognitive impairments in patients with long-term cure Cushing’s disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(6):2699-2714.
21. Bourdeau I., Bard C., Noel B., et al. Loss of brain volume in endogenous Cushing’s syndrome and its reversibility after correction of hypercortisolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(5):1949-1954.
22. Nieman L.K. Establishing the diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome. UpToDate. 2016.
23. Arnaldi G., Angeli A., Atkinson A.B., et al. Diagnosis and complications of Cushing’s syndrome: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(12):5593-5602.
24. Lindsay J.R., Jonklaas J., Oldfield E.H., Nieman L.K. Cushing’s syndrome during pregnancy: personal experience and review of the literature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(5):3077-3083.
25. Nolten W.E., Lindheimer M.D., Rueckert P.A., et al. Placental CRH may be a stimulator of maternal pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormones secretion in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1980;51(2):466-472.
26. Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Rabin D., et al. The maternal hypothalamic – pituitary – adrenal axis in the third trimester of human pregnancy. Clin Endocrinol. 1996;44(4):419-428.
27. Buescher M.A., McClamrock H.D., Adashi E.Y. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1992;(79):130-134.
28. Costenaro F., Rodrigues T.C., de Lima P.B., et al. A successful case of Cushing’s disease pregnancy treated with ketoconazole. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:176-178.
29. Aron D.C., Schnall A.M., Sheeler L.R. Cushing’s syndrome and pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;162:244-249.
30. Buescher M.A. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy.
Endocrinologist. 1996;6:357-362.
31. Lindsay J.R., Nieman L.K. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in pregnancy. Endocrin Rev. 2005;26:755-799.
32. Hana V., Dokoupilova M., Marek J., et al. Recurrent ACTH- independent Cushing’s syndrome in multiple pregnancies and its treatment with metyrapone. Clin Endocrinol. 2001;54:277-281.
33. Wallace C., Toth E.L., Lewanczuk R.Z., et al. Pregnancy- induced Cushing’s syndrome in multiple pregnancies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:15-21.
34. Hadden D.R. Adrenal disorders of pregnancy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1995;24:139-145.
35. Sheeler L.R. Cushing’s syndrome and pregnancy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1994;23:619-627.
36. Bevan J.S., Gough M.H., Gillmer M.D., Burke C.W. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy: the timing of definitive treatment. Clin Endocrinol. 1987;27(2):225-233.
37. Pricolo V.E., Monchik J.M., Prinz R.A., et al. Management of Cushing’s syndrome secondary to adenoma during pregnancy. Surgery. 1990;108(6):1072-1077.
38. Bronstein M.D., Paraiba D.B., Jallad R.S. Management of pituitary tumors in pregnancy. Endocrinol. 2011;7(5):301-310.
39. Blanco C., Maqueda E., Rubio J.A., Rodriguez A. Cushing’s syndrome during pregnancy secondary to adrenal adenoma: metyrapone treatment and laparoscopic adrenalectomy. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006;29:164-167.
40. Gormley M.J., Hadden D.R., Kennedy T.L., et al. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy – treatment with metyrapone. Clin Endocrinol. 1982;16:283-293.
41. Close C.F., Mann M.C., Watts J.F., et al. ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy with spontaneous resolution after delivery: control of the hypercortisolism with metyrapone. Clin Endocrinol. 1993;39:753-379.
42. Connell J.M., Cordiner J., Davies D.L., et al. Pregnancy complicated by Cushing’s syndrome potential hazard of metyrapone therapy. Brit J Obst Gynecol. 1985;92(11):1192-1195.
43. Boronat M., Marrero D., Lopez-Plasencia Y., et al. Successful outcome of pregnancy in a patient with Cushing’s disease under treatment with ketoconazole. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2011;27:675-677.
44. Berwaerts J., Verhelst J., Mahler C., Abs R. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy treated by ketoconazole. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1999;13:175-182.
45. Amaral V.C.I., Nunes Jr.G.P. Prednisone reduces ketoconazole- induced skeletal defects in rat fetuses. Arch Toxicol. 2009;83:863-871.
2. Orth D.N. Cushing’s syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:791- 803.
3. Nieman L.K., Biller B.M.K., Finding J.W., et al. The diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome: en endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocr Metabol. 2008;93:1526-1540.
4. Biller B.M., Grossman A.B., Stewart P.M., et al. Treatment of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocr Metabol. 2008;93:2454-2462.
5. Мельниченко Г.А., Дедов И.И., Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., и др. Болезнь Иценко – Кушинга: клиника, диагностика, методы лечения: Федеральные клинические рекомендации. РАЭ. М., 2014.
6. Lindholm J., Juul S., Jorgensen J.O., et al. Incidence and late prognosis of Cushing’s syndrome: a population-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(1):117-123.
7. Carpenter P.C. Diagnostic evaluation of Cushing’s syndrome.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1988;17:445-451.
8. Etxabe J., Vazquez J.A. Morbidity and mortality in Cushing disease. Clin Endocrinol. 1994;40(4):479-484.
9. Nieman L.K. Epidemiology and manifestations of Cushing’s syndrome. UpToDate. 2016.
10. Lado-Abeal J., Rodriguez-Amao J., Newell-Price J.D., et al. Menstrual abnormalities in women with Cushing’s disease are correlated with hypercortisolemia rather than raised circulating androgen levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:3083-3086.
11. Nassi R., Ladu C., Vezzosi Ch., Manelli M. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:102-104.
12. Tauchmanova L., Pivonello R., Di Somma C., et al. Bone demineralization and vertebral fractures in endogenous cortisol excess. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(15):1779-1784.
13. Graversen D., Vestergaard P., Stochholm K., et al. Mortality in Cushing’s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Intern Med. 2012;23(3):278-282.
14. Dekkers O.M., Horvath-Puho E., Jorgensen J.O., et al. Multisystem morbidity and mortality in Cushing’s syndrome: a cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(6):2277-2284.
15. Ross E.L., Linch D.C. Cushing’s syndrome-killing disease.
Lancet. 1982;(2):646-648.
16. Dal Bo Zanon R., Fornasiero L., Boscaro M., et al. Increased factor VIII associated activities in Cushing’s syndrome. Thromb Haemost. 1982;47:116-117.
17. Boscaro M., Sonino N., Scarda A., et al. Anticoagulant prophylaxis markedly reduces thromboembolic complications in Cushing’s syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(8):3662-3666.
18. LaBrocca A., Terzolo M., Pia A., et al. Recurrent thromboembolism as a hallmark of Cushing’s syndrome. J Endocrin Invest. 1997;20:211-214.
19. Soffer L.J., Iannaccone A., Gabrilove J.L. Cushing’s syndrome: a study of fifty patients. Am J Med. 1961;30:129-132.
20. Tiemensma J., Kokshoom N.E., Biermasz N.R., et al. Subtle cognitive impairments in patients with long-term cure Cushing’s disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(6):2699-2714.
21. Bourdeau I., Bard C., Noel B., et al. Loss of brain volume in endogenous Cushing’s syndrome and its reversibility after correction of hypercortisolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(5):1949-1954.
22. Nieman L.K. Establishing the diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome. UpToDate. 2016.
23. Arnaldi G., Angeli A., Atkinson A.B., et al. Diagnosis and complications of Cushing’s syndrome: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(12):5593-5602.
24. Lindsay J.R., Jonklaas J., Oldfield E.H., Nieman L.K. Cushing’s syndrome during pregnancy: personal experience and review of the literature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(5):3077-3083.
25. Nolten W.E., Lindheimer M.D., Rueckert P.A., et al. Placental CRH may be a stimulator of maternal pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormones secretion in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1980;51(2):466-472.
26. Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Rabin D., et al. The maternal hypothalamic – pituitary – adrenal axis in the third trimester of human pregnancy. Clin Endocrinol. 1996;44(4):419-428.
27. Buescher M.A., McClamrock H.D., Adashi E.Y. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1992;(79):130-134.
28. Costenaro F., Rodrigues T.C., de Lima P.B., et al. A successful case of Cushing’s disease pregnancy treated with ketoconazole. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:176-178.
29. Aron D.C., Schnall A.M., Sheeler L.R. Cushing’s syndrome and pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;162:244-249.
30. Buescher M.A. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy.
Endocrinologist. 1996;6:357-362.
31. Lindsay J.R., Nieman L.K. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in pregnancy. Endocrin Rev. 2005;26:755-799.
32. Hana V., Dokoupilova M., Marek J., et al. Recurrent ACTH- independent Cushing’s syndrome in multiple pregnancies and its treatment with metyrapone. Clin Endocrinol. 2001;54:277-281.
33. Wallace C., Toth E.L., Lewanczuk R.Z., et al. Pregnancy- induced Cushing’s syndrome in multiple pregnancies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:15-21.
34. Hadden D.R. Adrenal disorders of pregnancy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1995;24:139-145.
35. Sheeler L.R. Cushing’s syndrome and pregnancy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1994;23:619-627.
36. Bevan J.S., Gough M.H., Gillmer M.D., Burke C.W. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy: the timing of definitive treatment. Clin Endocrinol. 1987;27(2):225-233.
37. Pricolo V.E., Monchik J.M., Prinz R.A., et al. Management of Cushing’s syndrome secondary to adenoma during pregnancy. Surgery. 1990;108(6):1072-1077.
38. Bronstein M.D., Paraiba D.B., Jallad R.S. Management of pituitary tumors in pregnancy. Endocrinol. 2011;7(5):301-310.
39. Blanco C., Maqueda E., Rubio J.A., Rodriguez A. Cushing’s syndrome during pregnancy secondary to adrenal adenoma: metyrapone treatment and laparoscopic adrenalectomy. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006;29:164-167.
40. Gormley M.J., Hadden D.R., Kennedy T.L., et al. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy – treatment with metyrapone. Clin Endocrinol. 1982;16:283-293.
41. Close C.F., Mann M.C., Watts J.F., et al. ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy with spontaneous resolution after delivery: control of the hypercortisolism with metyrapone. Clin Endocrinol. 1993;39:753-379.
42. Connell J.M., Cordiner J., Davies D.L., et al. Pregnancy complicated by Cushing’s syndrome potential hazard of metyrapone therapy. Brit J Obst Gynecol. 1985;92(11):1192-1195.
43. Boronat M., Marrero D., Lopez-Plasencia Y., et al. Successful outcome of pregnancy in a patient with Cushing’s disease under treatment with ketoconazole. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2011;27:675-677.
44. Berwaerts J., Verhelst J., Mahler C., Abs R. Cushing’s syndrome in pregnancy treated by ketoconazole. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1999;13:175-182.
45. Amaral V.C.I., Nunes Jr.G.P. Prednisone reduces ketoconazole- induced skeletal defects in rat fetuses. Arch Toxicol. 2009;83:863-871.
Published
2017 August 22
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Copyright (c) 2017 Eco-Vector LLC
Details about this monograph
Co-publisher's ISBN-13 (24)
978-5-906648-36-5
Date of first publication (11)
2017-04-07
